Several types of specific hardware and software are required in system development.
Companies which supply us any object, product etc. are called suppliers. In computer industry we purchase three types of products- software, hardware and service. There-fore, we can put the suppliers in three classes - software supplier, hardware supplier and service supplier.
Hardware suppliers are those from whom we purchase computer, printer, scanner, terminals and other peripherals. The hardware suppliers working in India are- I.B.M, Microtech, H.P., Philips etc. Even, amidst them, there are several classes.
In all over the world, there are software suppliers many times more than the hardware suppliers and are on toes to establish their product in the market with many more features. Some prominent names among them are- Microsoft, Sun Microsystems etc.
Software reliability breeds the concept of modularity. Modularity is helpful in the modification of the software. It depends upon whether a package has been designed as a package or it is installed after its real installation for its installation use. The packages with high modularity have the capability of operating several machine con-figurations.
It is a very important question who-whether the vendor or the user is the real authorised owner of a software after its sale. There happens two things in this regard.
Benchmark programs are those programs which are used to evaluate different com-puters and their softwares. Benchmark includes the least number of hardwares re-quired to operate the softwares, he acceptance test mentioned in the agreement is evaluated and testing in an ordinary and then in an ideal environment and then drawing a conclusion.
Generally the users take the software from the programmer on rent. Its time span is less than a year and the user pays for it every month. Generally the rent is charged on (8 hours x 22 days) basis.
A lease system is had from a vendor. A lease system of longer period contains higher degree of risk but the price of lease is very low.
In what conditions does anyone purchase a used computer? Generally computers can work well for 5-8 years. Therefore, generally all the organisations change their com-puters in that period.
The principal reason behind purchasing an old computer is their easy availability. Sometimes the delivery of a new system takes a lot of time while old computers get available in one or two days.
The vendors who sell old computers, prepare the system again and sell it. Old com-puters are available for those areas where technical assistance is easily approachable.
After the decision is taken on purchasing computer software and necessary equip-ments, the next task is reaching a contract.
Most users, before negotiating with the selling person or organisation, make some preparations. Negotiating is an art. In it, the time is a delicate factor. Before negoti-ating, all the policies should be fixed and practised.
Many strategies and tactics are applied to control the procedure of contracts. The main thing is to control the environment. If the meeting of contract is held at the house or company of the user it helps him explain his point well.
Computer contract shows ways for avoiding default issues or issues without any achievement. The remedies should begin while preparing the list of those issues upon which both the parties agree.
Objective is determined in a good hardware contract. This agreement makes the system produce result. The importance of a system depends upon the functions taking place in it.
The user should be licensed to use the software package. The software is not considered to be completely sold till the title is transferred to the user. The user has the right to use the software package, he cannot sell that software package to others.
There are many risks in software packages that include Nonperformance or failure to meet specification, Cost of Modification or Integration and Bankruptcy of the Vendor.
The main reason behind the failing of the contract is the inability of the vendor to provide the user with the system on time.
In the contract the tactics to ward off such risk should already be determined by mutual talk between both the parties. The contract should include things like the system be first tested by the user and accepted later by him.
The financial matters should be included in the contract so that the user may know about them. It is difficult to make any contract after paying some price to the vendor. Under most standard contracts the price is paid only after the System is installed.
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